1994 Ford F-250 7.3 Diesel has difficulty starting?

My son has a 1994 Ford F-250 diesel that was running great until about 2 weeks ago. It then begun to have difficulty starting. When cold, it will crank and start most of the time, and it runs just fine after it gets going. But if he drives it and it warms up, then he stops and shuts it off, it won't want to turn over. He is able to put starting fluid in it and it will fire right up, but we know that isn't good for the truck and would prefer not to have to do that. We're trying to figure out the issue and have ruled out the battery, glow plugs and vacuum leaks. Any diesel mechanics out there with a little advice what to look at next? My son is thinking the fuel injector pump, but I'd really hate to spend $700 on the part and be going in the wrong direction.

How did you rule out glow plugs? That's what the problem is, whether they're bad or they have a bad power relay, they're not getting hot.

Simple thing first. Fuel filters.
Second check for any air leaks in the system
Third; lift pump
Fourth: Injectors.

You are correct to stay away from starter fluid as the engine can get addicted to the stuff.

Could be a bad HPOP, IPR valve or bad injector seals, common fault on 7.3s. Change the HPOP oil and clean/ replace the HPOP filter first and see if the issue goes away.