What do I need to buy for a system in my car?

I can't play my phone on my radio in my car, so I need to buy a new radio. I drive a Ford Tarurus ses 2001. Would I be able to put and do everything my self you think.

Depends on your skill level, really. The problem with the Taurus/Sable of this generation is the climate controls & radio are built into a single panel unit. Digital climate controls complicate this even further. Plus there may be a factory amp to bypass… Honestly, I'm just gonna have a pro do mine when the time comes.

Buy one of these

http://www.amazon.com/...B004JRY402

It just plugs into the car cigarette lighter, charges your phone, and transmits the music to the existing car stereo via FM. You just tune the radio to a spare channel.

No installation, no mods to the car, works in any car.

As Drunken Waffles mentioned, the A/C controls are all on the same panel as your factory radio. Additionally, the actual brains of the radio is actually in the trunk. There's a kit made to make an aftermarket radio work,
http://www.amazon.com/...0002BEYFE/
It's not exactly an install for beginners. I'd really suggest taking it to a professional.

There's other options though.
http://www.bestbuy.com/...3300050005
That price includes installation. This will add an AUX input anywhere you want it. It'll sound Way WAY better than the cruddy FM transmitter lanab linked to. Due to the tuner being in the trunk, you'll need a couple antenna extensions to run the factory antenna wire up to wherever you'll have the AUX installed, and then back to the tuner.
http://www.amazon.com/...000SBLMNU/

Cool

An FM transmitter/modulator that plugs inline with the antenna will do the trick. It might cost you $50 instead of a few hundred for a new stereo.